The new offerings include products that can be easily folded in and out, as well as rollable and slidable display technologies. Also on show is a microdisplay with ultra-high resolution for immersive XR experiences. There is also show new OLED technology with ultra-thin panels designed for vehicle interiors.

For entertainment, Samsung will also showcase ‘spotlights monitors’; these also include a type suitable for professional use in video production and medical applications.

OLED

The OLED offerings includes QD-OLEDs designed for monitors with the highest level of pixel density and refresh rates for self-illuminating technology.

With the foldable screens, these are termed ‘In & Out Flip’ and these are screens capable of folding in and out 360 degrees together with a Rollable Flex, offering 5 times the screen size.

The ‘In & Out Flip’ is a foldable device with a flip-phone design. The technology allows it to fold 360 degrees. Unlike traditional in-folding devices that require an additional panel on the outside for displaying information when folded, the Flip achieves a thinner design with a single display that can be folded outwards to allow use of the display even when folded.

The panels underwent folding in extreme temperatures ranging from -20 degrees Celsius to 60 degrees Celsius. Additionally, basketballs are bounced on the foldable panels, and the smartphones are subjected to rubbing with sand and immersion in water. These rigorous tests were designed to see if the products could work in even the most challenging environments.

The Rollable Flex allows the screen to expand up to five times its original size when unrolled, resembling the action of unrolling a scroll.

Vehicles

Samsung Display have new products for vehicle interiors, including the Flex Note Extendable. This product features a foldable panel that can be unfolded and extended to provide a larger screen size. The Flex Note Extendable measures 11 inches when fully folded but can be extended to 13.8 inches with a 10:9 aspect ratio by unfolding one side. By sliding out the other section, the size can be further extended to 17.3 inches with a 4:3 aspect ratio.

The screen can serve as a laptop for working in the car or as an extended display for watching movies. When not in use, it can be minimized to save space in the car.

8.6-generation glass for OLEDs for IT and ultra-thin panels

Samsung Display will also present the 8.6-generation OLED for IT by displaying a nearly 3-meter-high mother glass. This glass, measuring 2290x2620mm, is the largest in the industry and aims to attract visitors’ attention. The 8.6-generation mother glass is more than twice the size of the existing sixth-generation glass, resulting in improved production efficiency. The company will also present special content at CES to give visitors an experience of the size and capabilities of this new technology.

A notable feature are ultra-thin (UT) panel. Samsung Display’s UT OLED panels are about 0.6mm thick, similar to the thickness of a business card, which is one-third the thickness of an LCD panel. This difference is easily noticeable even to the naked eye.

Thin-film transistors (TFTs), which regulate current flow, now utilize 100 percent oxide instead of amorphous silicon (a-Si). This change allows for faster electron movement (about 10 times faster than with a-Si) and reduces current leakage. As a result, flickering, which occurs when a display is driven at a low refresh rate, can be eliminated. Samsung Display’s latest products are the first IT panels to support variable refresh rates as low as 1Hz, enabling power savings.

RGB version of OLEDoS (OLED on Silicon)

OLEDoS are high-definition displays with small pixel sizes, achieved by applying organic materials to silicon wafers. These displays will play a crucial role in XR headsets, which are growing in popularity. A new product is the highest resolution RGB OLEDoS display when compared to what is available in the industry currently.

Despite its small size of 1.03 inches, it has a pixel density of 3500 PPI, comparable to a 4K TV. RGB OLEDoS utilizes red, green and blue OLEDs on a silicon wafer to generate colors without the need for a separate light source.

CES runs in Las Vegas, U.S. from January 9–12, with an exhibition revolving around the theme ‘All-in Innovative Tech: Paving the New Journey’.

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Approaching this question, the company JohnsPhones analysed real-time mobile usage data to see which smartphone brands had been used the most by people in 65 different markets and created a map visualizing the findings. This helped to unpick the most popular phone brands in the world between January and December of 2023.

The past year saw dozens of new phones hitting the stores, including major releases from Apple and Samsung. Despite contradictory reports about the state of the global smartphone market (with some focusing on the continuing downward trend in shipments and others seeing a slow but steady recovery in sales), Chinese smartphones appear to be growing in popularity, especially in Africa, certain Asian countries, and most recently Russia.

However, it remains that brands such as Huawei, Xiaomi, or Oppo still cannot compete with major smartphone makers like Apple and Samsung. In 2023, Apple models were the most preferred smartphones in the world. Roughly 29 percent of all smartphones used to access web pages had been manufactured by the Cupertino-based company, while 25.2 percent were Samsung models.

Apple and Samsung were followed by:

• Xiaomi (11.5 percent),
• Oppo (6.1 percent),
• Vivo (5.2 percent),
• Huawei (4 percent),
• Realme (3.7 percent),
• Motorola (2.2 percent).

Other smartphone brands used by at least 0.5 percent of users globally were OnePlus (1.2 percent), Tecno (1.2 percent), Infinix (1.1 percent), Google (0.9 percent), and LG (0.5 percent). The once mighty Nokia, on the other hand, only had a market share of 0.4 percent.

In terms of regional variations, Apple remained the top smartphone brand in major markets including the U.S., Japan, Australia, Canada, the U.K., as well as most of Western Europe. Whereas Samsung was the top smartphone brand in South Korea, its home country, but also in Poland, Mexico, Israel, Brazil, and Argentina, among others.

In India, the most populous country in the world since April of last year, the most popular smartphone brand of 2023 was the Chinese brand Xiaomi. Spain and Greece are the only markets in Europe where Xiaomi beats Apple and Samsung for being the most popular smartphone brand.

David Lee, a smartphone market analyst at JohnsPhones explains: “Despite the rise of Chinese electronics and smartphone companies, most of the world still prefers iPhones and Galaxies, which are viewed as safer, more reliable, and ultimately, of much higher quality than Chinese tech. Market leaders such as Apple keep designing cutting-edge chips, introducing innovative features and using quality materials in manufacturing. Most of all, Chinese brands may be affordable but they lack brand recognition and trust, at least in Western markets.”.

In 2024 releases like iPhone 15 Pro and Pro Max, Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra, and Google Pixel 8 Pro are expected.

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This research includes understanding inherited cancer risks and an immunotherapy dosing study.

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center is focused on the application of advanced research to provide the latest cancer treatment options while accelerating discoveries that prevent, treat and cure cancer and infectious diseases worldwide. The institution is based in Seattle, and as well as cancer treatments the body has undertaken advances in bone marrow transplantation, immunotherapy, HIV/AIDS prevention and COVID-19 vaccines.

Hereditary cancers

Genetic testing for hereditary cancer risk has become more accessible and, based on the findings, more important than ever. This is because around 5-10 percent of cancers are thought to be hereditary.

It also stands that advancements in germline testing can offer accurate, affordable ways to identify these risks. Germline testing helps individuals with early cancer management and it also aids biological family members in understanding their own risk.

While the process involves a simple clinic visit for a DNA sample, it differs significantly from commercial, direct-to-consumer tests as the comprehensive assessments and genetic counseling help patients make informed decisions for personalized screening, treatment and lifestyle changes.

Immunotherapy frequencies, costs and benefits

In the second core research area, the Fred Hutchinson scientists have found that reducing the frequency of immunotherapy dosing could save money and time, keep patients on therapy longer.

ICIs have transformed care for patients with aggressive skin cancers like melanoma and Merkel cell carcinoma, however, more research is needed to understand how these findings might impact long-term treatment plans.

Racism in cancer treatment

Another area of new research is with health equity, including an examination of racism in cancer care. For this line of inquiry, Fred Hutch partnered with the Cierra Sisters, a Seattle-based patient advocacy group, to produce a series of short videos to acknowledge and address the racism many women of color experience while dealing with breast cancer.

The findings indicate that some women report that racism begins when they approach their general practitioner with a concern and persists throughout diagnosis, cancer treatment and pain management.

This has led to the development of the Anti-Racism in Oncology project. The aim is to highlight the issue by capturing video-based stories of real people having conversations about racism in health care.

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Leeper sees a growing area where data becomes a central component of intelligent business strategies and robust IT systems.

Artificial intelligence

Leeper begins his analysis by considering the rate of change and take up of artificial intelligence in the sector: “As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to weave into the fabric of modern business, the year 2024 is likely to witness a surge in the demand for enhanced data insight and mobility.”

This increase in the use of AI will become bound up with company strategy, Lepper foresees: “Companies will need to gain insight into their data to strategically feed AI and machine learning platforms, ensuring the most valuable and relevant information is utilized for analysis. This granular data insight will become a cornerstone for businesses as they navigate the complexities of AI integration.”

Data mobility

A key change will be data mobility, as Leeper predicts: “The mobility of data will emerge as a critical factor, with the need to efficiently transfer large and numerous datasets to AI systems for in-depth analysis and model refinement. The era of AI adoption will not just be about possessing vast amounts of data but about unlocking its true value through meticulous selection and agile movement.

Flash storage

Another area of change is with storage. Leeper sees: “The trajectory of storage technology is also poised for a significant shift as the year 2024 approaches, with declining flash prices driving a broad-scale transition towards all-flash object storage systems. This shift is expected to result in superior system performance, catering adeptly to the voracious data appetites and rapid access demands of AI-driven operations.”

This brings with it some integration challenges: “As flash storage becomes more financially accessible, its integration into object storage infrastructures is likely to become the norm, offering the swift performance that traditional HDD-based object storage and scalability that NAS systems lack. This evolution will be particularly beneficial for handling the large datasets integral to AI workloads, which necessitate rapid throughput and scalability. Consequently, a data mobility wave may be seen, with datasets and workloads being transferred from outdated and sluggish storage architectures to cutting-edge all-flash object storage solutions. Such a move is anticipated not just for its speed but for its ability to meet the expanding data and performance requisites of burgeoning AI initiatives.”

Data management

In terms of managing data, Leeper considers: “Also importantly, in 2024, the landscape of data management will undergo a profound transformation as the relentless accumulation of data heightens the necessity for robust management solutions. According to Gartner’s projections, by 2027, it is expected that no less than 40 percent of organizations will have implemented data storage management solutions to classify, garner insights, and optimize their data assets, a significant leap from the 15 pecent benchmark set in early 2023. This trend is likely to be propelled by the relentless expansion of data volumes, outpacing the rate at which companies can expand their IT workforce, thus elevating the indispensability of automation for data management at scale.”

Other changes with data control include: “2024 is set to be a pivotal time for data management, with a shift towards API-centric architectures for meshed applications gaining traction. As customers increasingly demand that data management vendors offer API access to their functionalities, we are likely to see a mesh of interconnected applications seamlessly communicating with one another. Imagine ITSM (IT Service Management) and/or ITOM (IT Operations Management) software triggering actions in other applications via API calls in response to tickets — this interconnectedness will become commonplace. The trend towards API-first strategies will likely accelerate, driven by the desire to embed data management more integrally within the broader IT ecosystem.”

This means, says Leeper: “The development of self-service applications will flourish, enabling automated workflows and facilitating access to data management services without the need for manual oversight. This move towards a more integrated, automated IT environment is not just anticipated; it is imminent, reflecting a broader shift towards efficiency and interconnectivity within the technological landscape.”

Risk management

Lepper’s final area is with risk management, an ever present concern for businesses: “Finally, as we look toward 2024, we predict that an intensified focus on risk management will become a strategic imperative for companies worldwide. Governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) practices are anticipated to receive heightened attention as companies grapple with the complexities of managing access to data, aging data, orphaned data, and illegal/unwanted data, recognizing these as potential vulnerabilities. Moreover, immutable object storage and offline archival storage will continue to be essential tools in addressing the diverse risk management and data lifecycle needs within the market.”

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Boxley begins his assessment by considering Kubernetes: “In 2024, there will be four key trends. To start, the increasing complexity of IT infrastructures, especially with the widespread adoption of containerized environments like Kubernetes, will drive the need for more sophisticated downtime prevention solutions. These systems will leverage predictive analytics to identify potential issues before they cause system failures. Automation will play a key role, with features like automatic failover processes that ensure continuous operation without manual intervention. The focus will be on creating solutions that are not only reactive in addressing issues but also proactive in preventing them.”

Software-defined perimeters

The second area of consideration is with finding new ways to repel cyberattacks. Here Boxley finds: “Next, the cybersecurity landscape is rapidly evolving, with more sophisticated and frequent attacks. In response, the adoption of advanced network technologies like software-defined perimeter (SDP) and Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) will become critical in 2024. These technologies offer a more dynamic and adaptive approach to network security compared to traditional VPNs. SDP provides a way to create secure, context-aware connections between users and network resources, effectively reducing the attack surface. ZTNA, on the other hand, operates on the principle of “never trust, always verify,” ensuring that access to network resources is strictly controlled and monitored. These technologies will be especially important for protecting multi-cloud environments and remote work infrastructures.”

New data storage platforms

The third area is with data expansion. Boxley’s recommendations are: “As organizations continue to diversify their IT portfolios, the need for solutions that offer cross-platform compatibility and seamless integration will grow in 2024. These solutions will need to support a variety of environments – from cloud services provided by different vendors to on-premises data centres and emerging container technologies. The key will be in providing a unified management interface that can handle various systems, offering efficient and coherent control over diverse IT assets. This trend is not just about compatibility; it’s about integration that is deep enough to allow different systems to work together harmonically, enhancing overall system efficiency and reducing operational complexities.

The final area relates to programming languages to handle data. Boxley predicts: “Now that it’s been demonstrated that SQL Server Kubernetes (K8s) clusters perform much faster on physical servers than on virtual Machines, solutions will be developed that will enable customers to deploy SQL Server Availability Groups on K8s environments in seconds with greater customization in 2024. The solutions will make it easy for customers to see reductions in OS licensing, CPU clock cycles, and memory when using K8s as opposed to VMs. These new solutions will also offer cross-platform compatibility and seamless integration with existing non-K8s environments. They will take full advantage of Zero Trust networking technology to allow multi-region/multi-cloud compatibility for true cloud independence.”

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The executive looks at key strategic areas like precision forecasting and improving customer services as part of the continuing digital transformation of financial services.

Precision forecasting

AI advancements in recent years have enabled huge improvements in financial forecasting. Given the increasingly volatile nature of the competitive landscape, real-time updates to your forecasting can be the difference between getting ahead of the game and being left behind.

Machine-learnt algorithms can provide automated forecasting that continuously adapts projections, aggregating massive datasets from a range of sources and in a range of mediums. These can be compared to industry benchmarks or competitor performance to ensure that a firm is on track according to any of its key performance indicators (KPIs).

As time passes and a growing amount of data is entered, the AI’s predictions will become increasingly accurate. When used in this context, it may be able to identify the real driving factors behind a business’ revenue. In one case, a global business found that units sold and sale price, traditional indicators of high revenue, had far less impact on its overall profit and loss than expected.

Wilkie tells Digital Journal: “As machine learning becomes more and more accurate, there’s essentially no limit to the predictions artificial intelligence may be able to make.

Wilkie adds: “Given that high-quality predictive AIs are a reasonably new phenomenon, we can expect forecasting to become more accurate, span longer periods and account for a wider range of events as we continue to feed large-scale datasets through it.”

Investment insight

Given modern AI’s surgical approach to forecasting and its ability to pull from a wide range of different data sources, it’s unsurprising that AI is being used to predict the best-performing stocks to invest in.

A recent study found that 71 percent of UK investors would trust AI to recommend products for their portfolio – an 8 percent rise from 2022. In the US, 45 percent of investors using tips website The Motley Fool said they would be comfortable investing based on ChatGPT’s advice and nothing else.

Investment advisors can benefit from machine learning tools’ ability to quickly analyse a portfolio and identify areas of risk. In line with identified risk areas, they can design a newly diversified portfolio based on each customer’s strategic goals, choosing the perfect blend of cash and ETF investments.

Customer service

AI’s ability to handle menial, repetitive queries with greater efficiency than its human counterparts has led to the improvement of customer support chatbots. And, thanks to advancements in natural language processing (NLP), the branch of AI concerned with giving computers the ability to understand text and speech in the same way we can, chatbots are providing a better service than ever before.

With 79 percent of financial services leaders aware that a personalised experience increases customer retention, the use of chatbots for standardised tasks frees up manpower to personally deal with more important issues. The bank benefits from increased efficiency, and the end users benefit from more readily available customer service for complex enquiries.

Managing, monitoring and improving AI use

Given the speed at which technological advances regarding AI are taking place, it’s important that businesses using AI understand its potential implications. The British government recently hosted the Bletchley Summit, during which 28 governments from around the world – including China, the EU and the US – agreed to work together on AI safety research. For now, however, there is little in the way of international legislation.

The onus therefore lies with the businesses using AI to manage the way in which they implement it. Long-term strategies are vital in managing AI usage at the corporate level, but as of early 2023, 57 percent of businesses are currently taking a reactive approach to artificial intelligence.

McKinsey, one of the leading adopters of AI at a corporate level, set out a 66-page document in 2021 with a roadmap to the “AI Bank of the Future.” The introduction extolls the importance of “formulating the organisation’s strategic goals for the AI-enabled digital age, and [evaluating] how AI technologies can support these goals.”

Wilkie comments: “AI adoption can have an almost instant impact upon a financial organisation’s operating practices, and by proxy, its bottom line. With that in mind, it can be tempting to rush through AI integration at various levels of the business. Wilkie closes out with the following summary: “However, a considered approach is utterly vital. Understanding how AI fits into your firm’s long-term strategy enables deeper interrogation of your AI usage and ultimately leads to safer and more sustainable use of artificial intelligence. By creating a detailed AI strategy, you can also futureproof your business against any legislative changes which will take place in the coming years.”

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In terms of attacks on utilities, November 2023 saw a cybersecurity incident affecting General Electric (GE), the multinational technology giant with divisions across the power, renewable, and aerospace industries.

The company was forced to investigate claims of a cyberattack by threat actor IntelBroker. IntelBroker allegedly breached GE’s development environment. After failing to find a buyer for access to the breached systems, the threat actor has returned to the hacking forum to sell both network access and breached data. This alleged data includes DARPA-related military information and SQL files.

It was also in November that the U.S. federal government looked into a series of hacks against U.S. water facilities.

On this incident, Howard Goodman, Technical Director at Skybox Security, explains: “In light of the recent cyberattacks on U.S. water facilities, it’s become increasingly evident that business leaders must proactively anticipate cyber threats.”

How might utility providers achieve this? Goodman  recommends: “The merging of operational and information technology in utilities heightens vulnerabilities, widening the attack surface. Thus, achieving visibility into cybersecurity is critical for protecting infrastructure.”

Rogue states remain a major concern. In this case the finger points towards Iran. Goodman thinks: “As the federal government investigates these attacks, attributed to an Iranian government-linked group, the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has issued recommendations for water utilities. These include updating passwords, enabling multi-factor authentication, and disconnecting critical control systems from the internet. Additionally, the White House has introduced a plan to fortify cybersecurity across the water sector, pushing for early threat detection and improved incident response.”

In drawing out an action plan, Goodman recommends: “Leaders in the utilities sector must navigate the complexities of volatility, decarbonization, digitalization, and regulatory changes. Understanding these dynamics is key to strengthening security measures.”

To effectively bridge the gap between operational technology and information technology, Goodman proposes that utility leaders should:

• Enhance security posture management by adopting new technologies for early detection of cyber threats.
• Implement automation for sustained compliance with cybersecurity best practices.
• Foster a unified view across security and OT/IT with a comprehensive network model.
• Break down silos to eliminate security blind spots within the organization.
• Minimize downtime by optimizing remediation strategies, extending beyond traditional patching.

In summing up, Goodman assesses: “These steps are not just precautionary but necessary in fostering resilience against the backdrop of international cyber warfare and its implications for critical infrastructure sectors.”

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“People tend to let their guard down whenever they feel like the safe option is too expensive,” says Adrianus Warmenhoven, a cybersecurity expert at NordVPN tells Digital Journal. “This way, they expose themselves to greedy scammers waiting for someone to make a mistake, give out their personal data, or transfer money into malicious hands.”

Hackers use stolen payment cards to perform the scam

To perform ticket fraud, Warmenhoven  explains, criminals use stolen or hacked credit card details to buy plane tickets. After that, they offer these tickets for sale at prices too good to be true through phishing websites that may look legit to their unsuspecting victims. Once a victim pays for their fake ticket, criminals send the booking confirmation, and the user only finds out about the scam when the time to travel comes.

When a scam victim arrives at an airport, their booking may be cancelled after the owner of the stolen credit card finds out about the fraudulent transaction. Even if the owner doesn’t report the purchase until after the scammed traveller has boarded the plane, the credit card company may still reverse the charge, leaving the fraud victim with no way to return from their Christmas holidays.

How to avoid fake ticket scams

“This scam is especially dangerous because it is so difficult to detect. Since the scammer is the initial buyer, they remain the point of contact for the official ticket seller, so the scammed traveller has no way of finding out that their booking was cancelled before they need to board the plane,” says Warmenhoven.

He recommends being cautious online, especially before a Holiday time, and gives these tips for winter travellers:

• If the price is too good to be true, it probably is fake. Scammers can provide much lower prices because they purchase tickets by stealing money from other people.
• Be careful with “last-minute” deals. Hackers always try to sell the tickets they bought with stolen money as soon as possible, ideally before the robbed cardholder cancels the transaction.
• Learn to identify phishing websites. If you enter a suspicious website, inspect it for grammar mistakes, flashy ads, or poor design. Usually, hackers do not invest too much time polishing every sentence or illustration.  
•  Buy your tickets from trusted distributors. Even if you are not buying your tickets directly from an airline, make sure the distributor you choose is well-known and has multiple reviews from its users.

Warmenhoven concludes by recommending to Digital Journal readers that if you suspect you may have bought a fake ticket, contact the service provider by email or the phone number you can find on their official website. 

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Someone concerned about this trend is Ariel Parnes the COO and Co-Founder at Mitiga. Parnes is a retired Colonel of the Israel Defence Forces’ 8200 Cyber Unit, where he served 20-plus years and received the prestigious Israel Defence Prize for technological breakthroughs in the cyber field.

Software-as-a-service (Saas) data breaches

On the subject of software as a service, Parnes is of the view: “SaaS breaches will take Center stage in 2024. As organizations increasingly rely on SaaS applications, 2024 will witness how these applications take a pivotal role in large breaches.”

Looking at the ‘why’, Parnes finds: “The rapid adoption of numerous SaaS apps, sometimes with no visibility or control by the organization (“Shadow SaaS”), has created blind spots in many environments. The lack of visibility and control, coupled with the access these apps have to sensitive data, makes them attractive targets for cyber adversaries. Organizations will need to address these risks urgently, as SaaS applications are fast becoming the Achilles heel in cybersecurity.”

Psychological operations in cybercrime will rise in 2024

A second area of concern as this year progresses is with the increased sophistication of cybercrime. Here Parnes predicts: “As the digital landscape evolves, 2024 will witness a significant uptick in the adoption of psychological operations by cybercriminals. The new SEC regulations, which mandate quicker disclosure of cyberattacks, will inadvertently fuel this trend.”

Furthermore: “Criminals, recognizing the heightened anxiety these disclosures cause, will increasingly leverage psychological tactics to amplify chaos, exert pressure, and sow confusion. They might threaten data releases, spread misinformation, or employ other manipulative strategies to exploit organizational vulnerabilities.”

In terms of what businesses should do about this, Parnes thinks: “With the stakes higher than ever, it’s imperative for organizations to improve the readiness, both technologically (by having the appropriate tools to create the situational awareness needed during a crisis and remove the inherent fog of war) as well as psychologically (by training leaders and employees to deal with this new type of warfare).”

Advanced AI will drive sophisticated social engineering in 2024

The advance of artificial intelligence poses a new type of threat to firms, observes Parnes. He notes: “As GenAI and LLMs become more accessible, 2024 will mark a notable surge in both the volume and sophistication of social engineering attacks.”

The primary concern, according to Parnes is: “Criminals, equipped with these cutting-edge AI capabilities, will harness vast amounts of open-source intelligence (OSINT) to craft highly tailored and effective campaigns. The days of generic phishing attempts are gone; the future lies in hyper-personalized attacks that resonate deeply with individual targets. Organizations must be vigilant, adapting their defences to anticipate this new breed of technologically-empowered social engineering.”

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The AI application comes from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Here medical scientists have harnessed AI to enhance the assessment of the heart’s right ventricle, which sends blood to the lungs.

Conducted by a team using AI-enabled electrocardiogram (AI-ECG) analysis, the research demonstrates that electrocardiograms can effectively predict right-side heart issues, offering a simpler alternative to complex imaging technologies and potentially enhancing patient outcomes.

The research found that a deep learning-based ECG analysis tool is able to identify patients at high risk for poor right ventricular function. Areas deemed important by the AI for prediction are highlighted in increasing shades of red.

According to lead researcher Son Q. Duong: “We aimed to find a better way to assess the health of the heart’s right ventricle, focusing on its ability to pump blood and its size. Traditional methods fall short, which prompted us to explore AI-ECG analysis as a potential solution.”

The medic adds: “This novel method could expedite the identification of heart problems, especially in the right ventricle, and potentially lead to earlier and more effective treatment. It holds particular importance for patients with congenital heart disease, who often face issues in the right ventricle.”

To achieve this breakthrough, the researchers trained a deep-learning ECG (DL-ECG) model using harmonized data from 12-lead ECGs and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements. It was conducted on a large sample from the UK Biobank and validated at multiple health centres across the Mount Sinai Health System, measuring its accuracy in predicting heart conditions and its impact on patient survival rates.

Despite the success, the researchers say that while the use of artificial intelligence allows for more precise heart information from commonly available tools, it is in an early stage and doesn’t replace advanced diagnostics. Further work is needed to ensure the tool’s safety and correct applicability. Furthermore, the study’s predictions may vary across populations, relying on existing ECG and MRI data with inherent limitations. Its application in everyday clinical practice requires further exploration, cautioned the researchers.

The research has been published in the Journal of the American Heart Association. The research paper is titled “Quantitative Prediction of Right Ventricular Size and Function From the ECG.”

The study was supported by the U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health and National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences.

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